Phrasebook

em At the restaurant 1   »   ka რესტორანში 1

29 [twenty-nine]

At the restaurant 1

At the restaurant 1

29 [ოცდაცხრა]

29 [otsdatskhra]

რესტორანში 1

rest'oranshi 1

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Is this table taken? მა-------ვისუფა---? მ_____ თ___________ მ-გ-დ- თ-ვ-ს-ფ-ლ-ა- ------------------- მაგიდა თავისუფალია? 0
mag-d--t--i-u---i-? m_____ t___________ m-g-d- t-v-s-p-l-a- ------------------- magida tavisupalia?
I would like the menu, please. მე-ი---ინ-ა- თ- შ---ლე-ა. მ____ მ_____ თ_ შ________ მ-ნ-უ მ-ნ-ა- თ- შ-ი-ლ-ბ-. ------------------------- მენიუ მინდა, თუ შეიძლება. 0
m--i-a t-v-s-pa--a? m_____ t___________ m-g-d- t-v-s-p-l-a- ------------------- magida tavisupalia?
What would you recommend? რა- -------? რ__ მ_______ რ-ს მ-რ-ე-თ- ------------ რას მირჩევთ? 0
ma---- -a-isu-a---? m_____ t___________ m-g-d- t-v-s-p-l-a- ------------------- magida tavisupalia?
I’d like a beer. ერთი--უდ-, -უ ----ლ--ა. ე___ ლ____ თ_ შ________ ე-თ- ლ-დ-, თ- შ-ი-ლ-ბ-. ----------------------- ერთი ლუდი, თუ შეიძლება. 0
m---u-m-------- sh-i-zl---. m____ m_____ t_ s__________ m-n-u m-n-a- t- s-e-d-l-b-. --------------------------- meniu minda, tu sheidzleba.
I’d like a mineral water. ე--ი მ---რა--- --ალი--თუ---იძლ-ბა. ე___ მ________ წ_____ თ_ შ________ ე-თ- მ-ნ-რ-ლ-რ წ-ა-ი- თ- შ-ი-ლ-ბ-. ---------------------------------- ერთი მინერალურ წყალი, თუ შეიძლება. 0
m--i- mi-d-,--u -h-id-l-ba. m____ m_____ t_ s__________ m-n-u m-n-a- t- s-e-d-l-b-. --------------------------- meniu minda, tu sheidzleba.
I’d like an orange juice. ერთ--ფ--თ--ლი--წ--ნი- თ----იძ-ება. ე___ ფ________ წ_____ თ_ შ________ ე-თ- ფ-რ-ო-ლ-ს წ-ე-ი- თ- შ-ი-ლ-ბ-. ---------------------------------- ერთი ფორთოხლის წვენი, თუ შეიძლება. 0
m--iu-m---a- t--s---d---ba. m____ m_____ t_ s__________ m-n-u m-n-a- t- s-e-d-l-b-. --------------------------- meniu minda, tu sheidzleba.
I’d like a coffee. ერთ- ყ-ვ-,--- -ეიძ----. ე___ ყ____ თ_ შ________ ე-თ- ყ-ვ-, თ- შ-ი-ლ-ბ-. ----------------------- ერთი ყავა, თუ შეიძლება. 0
r-s ---che-t? r__ m________ r-s m-r-h-v-? ------------- ras mirchevt?
I’d like a coffee with milk. რ-ი-ნ ყ--ას დ--ლე--ი. რ____ ყ____ დ________ რ-ი-ნ ყ-ვ-ს დ-ვ-ე-დ-. --------------------- რძიან ყავას დავლევდი. 0
ra- m-rch-vt? r__ m________ r-s m-r-h-v-? ------------- ras mirchevt?
With sugar, please. შაქ-ით- თუ--ეი-ლ-ბ-! შ______ თ_ შ________ შ-ქ-ი-, თ- შ-ი-ლ-ბ-! -------------------- შაქრით, თუ შეიძლება! 0
ra- ---c---t? r__ m________ r-s m-r-h-v-? ------------- ras mirchevt?
I’d like a tea. ერთი-ჩა-, თ- -ეი-ლე--. ე___ ჩ___ თ_ შ________ ე-თ- ჩ-ი- თ- შ-ი-ლ-ბ-. ---------------------- ერთი ჩაი, თუ შეიძლება. 0
er-i-lu--,--u-s-ei----ba. e___ l____ t_ s__________ e-t- l-d-, t- s-e-d-l-b-. ------------------------- erti ludi, tu sheidzleba.
I’d like a tea with lemon. მ- მ--დ- ჩაი -იმონ--. მ_ მ____ ჩ__ ლ_______ მ- მ-ნ-ა ჩ-ი ლ-მ-ნ-თ- --------------------- მე მინდა ჩაი ლიმონით. 0
ert- l--i- t- --e---le--. e___ l____ t_ s__________ e-t- l-d-, t- s-e-d-l-b-. ------------------------- erti ludi, tu sheidzleba.
I’d like a tea with milk. მე -ინდ- ჩ-- -ძ--. მ_ მ____ ჩ__ რ____ მ- მ-ნ-ა ჩ-ი რ-ი-. ------------------ მე მინდა ჩაი რძით. 0
ert-----i, tu--hei-z-eba. e___ l____ t_ s__________ e-t- l-d-, t- s-e-d-l-b-. ------------------------- erti ludi, tu sheidzleba.
Do you have cigarettes? სი-ა-ე-ი--ომ-ა---ა-ვ-? ს_______ ხ__ ა_ გ_____ ს-გ-რ-ტ- ხ-მ ა- გ-ქ-თ- ---------------------- სიგარეტი ხომ არ გაქვთ? 0
er-i--in--a-ur----q-l-- t--s--idz--ba. e___ m________ t_______ t_ s__________ e-t- m-n-r-l-r t-'-a-i- t- s-e-d-l-b-. -------------------------------------- erti mineralur ts'qali, tu sheidzleba.
Do you have an ashtray? გ-ქვთ ---ე-ფლ-? გ____ ს________ გ-ქ-თ ს-ფ-რ-ლ-? --------------- გაქვთ საფერფლე? 0
ert- portok-l-s -s--eni--tu-shei--l-b-. e___ p_________ t_______ t_ s__________ e-t- p-r-o-h-i- t-'-e-i- t- s-e-d-l-b-. --------------------------------------- erti portokhlis ts'veni, tu sheidzleba.
Do you have a light? გა-----ე-ხ-ი? გ____ ც______ გ-ქ-თ ც-ც-ლ-? ------------- გაქვთ ცეცხლი? 0
er-- ---a, t- ---idzle-a. e___ q____ t_ s__________ e-t- q-v-, t- s-e-d-l-b-. ------------------------- erti qava, tu sheidzleba.
I’m missing a fork. მ- ა- მ--ვ- ჩა-----. მ_ ა_ მ____ ჩ_______ მ- ა- მ-ქ-ს ჩ-ნ-ა-ი- -------------------- მე არ მაქვს ჩანგალი. 0
er---qa-a---u--heid---b-. e___ q____ t_ s__________ e-t- q-v-, t- s-e-d-l-b-. ------------------------- erti qava, tu sheidzleba.
I’m missing a knife. მ--არ მ-ქვ- დ-ნა. მ_ ა_ მ____ დ____ მ- ა- მ-ქ-ს დ-ნ-. ----------------- მე არ მაქვს დანა. 0
e-----av-,-tu s--i-zl--a. e___ q____ t_ s__________ e-t- q-v-, t- s-e-d-l-b-. ------------------------- erti qava, tu sheidzleba.
I’m missing a spoon. მ--არ მ-ქვ---ოვზი. მ_ ა_ მ____ კ_____ მ- ა- მ-ქ-ს კ-ვ-ი- ------------------ მე არ მაქვს კოვზი. 0
rd--an ----s -a----d-. r_____ q____ d________ r-z-a- q-v-s d-v-e-d-. ---------------------- rdzian qavas davlevdi.

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Grammar prevents lies!

Every language has particular features. But some also have characteristics that are unique worldwide. Among these languages is Trio. Trio is a Native American language in South America. Around 2,000 people in Brazil and Suriname speak it. What makes Trio special is its grammar. Because it forces its speakers to always tell the truth. The so-called frustrative ending is responsible for this. This ending is added to verbs in Trio. It indicates how true a sentence is. A simple example explains how exactly it works. Let's take the sentence The child went to school. In Trio, the speaker has to add a certain ending onto the verb. Through the ending he is able to communicate whether he saw the child himself. But he can also express that he only knows it from speaking to others. Or he says through the ending that he knows it's a lie. So the speaker has to commit to what he is saying. Meaning, he must communicate how true a statement is. In this way he cannot keep anything a secret or sugarcoat anything. If a Trio speaker leaves the ending off, he is deemed a liar. In Suriname the official language is Dutch. Translations from Dutch into Trio are often problematic. Because most languages are much less precise. They make it possible for the speakers to be vague. Therefore, interpreters don't always commit to what they are saying. The communication with Trio speakers is thereby difficult. Perhaps the frustrative ending would be helpful in other languages too!? Not only in the language of politics…
Did you know?
Macedonian is the native language of around 2 million people. It is counted among the South Slavic languages. It is most closely related to Bulgarian. Speakers of both languages can communicate with each other easily. The two languages differ from each other more in their written forms. There have always been many different ethnic groups in Macedonia. Naturally, this is also apparent in the vernacular. It has been influenced by numerous other languages. The neighboring country of Serbia has especially influenced the Macedonian language. The vocabulary contains many terms from Russian, Turkish, and English. Such linguistic variety does not exist in many countries. That is why it has been difficult for Macedonian to establish itself as its own language. Macedonian literature has especially suffered from this situation. Macedonian is now considered an established standard language. For this reason, it is an important part of the Macedonian identity.