Phrasebook

em Parts of the body   »   ad Iэпкъ-лъэпкъхэр

58 [fifty-eight]

Parts of the body

Parts of the body

58 [шъэныкъорэ ирэ]

58 [shjenykorje irje]

Iэпкъ-лъэпкъхэр

Ijepk-ljepkhjer

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I am drawing a man. С--х-улъ---ъэ--у--- с----. С_ х_________ с____ с_____ С- х-у-ъ-ы-ъ- с-р-т с-ш-ы- -------------------------- Сэ хъулъфыгъэ сурэт сэшIы. 0
Ijepk--je-khjer I______________ I-e-k-l-e-k-j-r --------------- Ijepk-ljepkhjer
First the head. Ып-р--ш-э--шъ-ьэр. Ы_________ ш______ Ы-э-а-ш-э- ш-х-э-. ------------------ ЫпэрапшIэу шъхьэр. 0
I--pk--j----jer I______________ I-e-k-l-e-k-j-r --------------- Ijepk-ljepkhjer
The man is wearing a hat. Хъ--ъфыгъэ---э----б-ъу- щы--. Х__________ п___ у_____ щ____ Х-у-ъ-ы-ъ-м п-I- у-г-у- щ-г-. ----------------------------- Хъулъфыгъэм пэIо убгъур щыгъ. 0
Sj-----f--je-s----t s----Iy. S__ h_______ s_____ s_______ S-e h-l-y-j- s-r-e- s-e-h-y- ---------------------------- Sje hulfygje surjet sjeshIy.
One cannot see the hair. Ыш-хь-цх-р к-эл---ъохэ-э-. Ы_________ к______________ Ы-ъ-ь-ц-э- к-э-ъ-г-о-э-э-. -------------------------- Ышъхьацхэр къэлъагъохэрэп. 0
S---h------- -u---t sje--Iy. S__ h_______ s_____ s_______ S-e h-l-y-j- s-r-e- s-e-h-y- ---------------------------- Sje hulfygje surjet sjeshIy.
One cannot see the ears either. Тхь-кIумэ-э-- ---лъ-гъ------. Т____________ к______________ Т-ь-к-у-э-э-и к-э-ъ-г-о-э-э-. ----------------------------- ТхьакIумэхэри къэлъагъохэрэп. 0
S-e----fy--- surjet -je-hIy. S__ h_______ s_____ s_______ S-e h-l-y-j- s-r-e- s-e-h-y- ---------------------------- Sje hulfygje surjet sjeshIy.
One cannot see his back either. Т-ы-I--и къ-лъагъ---п. Т_______ к____________ Т-ы-I-р- к-э-ъ-г-о-э-. ---------------------- ТхыцIэри къэлъагъорэп. 0
Y--er-ps-I----s-h-j-r. Y____________ s_______ Y-j-r-p-h-j-u s-h-j-r- ---------------------- YpjerapshIjeu shh'jer.
I am drawing the eyes and the mouth. С--н--э-р- жэмр----р---сэшIы. С_ н______ ж____ с____ с_____ С- н-х-м-э ж-м-э с-р-т с-ш-ы- ----------------------------- Сэ нэхэмрэ жэмрэ сурэт сэшIы. 0
Hu-f--j-m p-eI- -b--r---h--. H________ p____ u____ s_____ H-l-y-j-m p-e-o u-g-r s-h-g- ---------------------------- Hulfygjem pjeIo ubgur shhyg.
The man is dancing and laughing. Х-у---ы-ъэ- --эшъ----Iи---щх-. Х__________ к_____ ы___ м_____ Х-у-ъ-ы-ъ-р к-э-ъ- ы-I- м-щ-ы- ------------------------------ Хъулъфыгъэр къэшъо ыкIи мэщхы. 0
Hu-f--j-m p---- ubgu- sh--g. H________ p____ u____ s_____ H-l-y-j-m p-e-o u-g-r s-h-g- ---------------------------- Hulfygjem pjeIo ubgur shhyg.
The man has a long nose. Хъул---г--м ып--к--хь-. Х__________ ы__ к______ Х-у-ъ-ы-ъ-м ы-э к-ы-ь-. ----------------------- Хъулъфыгъэм ыпэ кIыхьэ. 0
H---y-je----e-- ----r -h--g. H________ p____ u____ s_____ H-l-y-j-m p-e-o u-g-r s-h-g- ---------------------------- Hulfygjem pjeIo ubgur shhyg.
He is carrying a cane in his hands. А-------ъф------э--ыIыгъ. А_ (__________ б__ ы_____ А- (-ъ-л-ф-г-) б-щ ы-ы-ъ- ------------------------- Ащ (хъулъфыгъ) бэщ ыIыгъ. 0
Yshh'-c---- -jela-o-je----. Y__________ k______________ Y-h-'-c-j-r k-e-a-o-j-r-e-. --------------------------- Yshh'achjer kjelagohjerjep.
He is also wearing a scarf around his neck. А- (-ъ---ф-г-) ы--ъ- п-ъ-дэлъ-е--к-ы--. А_ (__________ ы____ п_______ е________ А- (-ъ-л-ф-г-) ы-ш-э п-ъ-д-л- е-э-I-г-. --------------------------------------- Ащ (хъулъфыгъ) ыпшъэ пшъэдэлъ ещэкIыгъ. 0
T------m-e-jer----e----hj-rje-. T______________ k______________ T-'-k-u-j-h-e-i k-e-a-o-j-r-e-. ------------------------------- Th'akIumjehjeri kjelagohjerjep.
It is winter and it is cold. Д---кI-ма- -------ы--. Д__ к_____ ы___ ч_____ Д-ы к-ы-а- ы-I- ч-ы-э- ---------------------- Джы кIымаф ыкIи чъыIэ. 0
T--cIj--i-k-e-a-or---. T________ k___________ T-y-I-e-i k-e-a-o-j-p- ---------------------- ThycIjeri kjelagorjep.
The arms are athletic. Ы------лъ-шы-. Ы_____ л______ Ы-э-э- л-э-ы-. -------------- ЫIэхэр лъэшых. 0
T-y-Ijeri-k--l-go-j--. T________ k___________ T-y-I-e-i k-e-a-o-j-p- ---------------------- ThycIjeri kjelagorjep.
The legs are also athletic. Ыл---ъ--э-- л--шы-. Ы__________ л______ Ы-ъ-к-о-э-и л-э-ы-. ------------------- Ылъакъохэри лъэшых. 0
Thy-I--r- kj--a-orj--. T________ k___________ T-y-I-e-i k-e-a-o-j-p- ---------------------- ThycIjeri kjelagorjep.
The man is made of snow. Х--лъфыг-эр-о-ы- хэш-ы-Iыгъ. Х__________ о___ х__________ Х-у-ъ-ы-ъ-р о-ы- х-ш-ы-I-г-. ---------------------------- Хъулъфыгъэр осым хэшIыкIыгъ. 0
Sje-----j----- z-j--r-e sur--- -je-hI-. S__ n_________ z_______ s_____ s_______ S-e n-e-j-m-j- z-j-m-j- s-r-e- s-e-h-y- --------------------------------------- Sje njehjemrje zhjemrje surjet sjeshIy.
He is neither wearing pants nor a coat. Ащ-(-ъулъ-ы-ъ- г--н--джи-палътэ-- -ыг-эп.. А_ (__________ г________ п_______ щ_______ А- (-ъ-л-ф-г-) г-о-ч-д-и п-л-т-у- щ-г-э-.- ------------------------------------------ Ащ (хъулъфыгъ) гъончэджи палътэуи щыгъэп.. 0
Sj----eh-e-r-e --je---- -ur--t -jesh--. S__ n_________ z_______ s_____ s_______ S-e n-e-j-m-j- z-j-m-j- s-r-e- s-e-h-y- --------------------------------------- Sje njehjemrje zhjemrje surjet sjeshIy.
But the man is not freezing. Ау-х-ул-ф-г--- чъы-э ---р--. А_ х__________ ч____ л______ А- х-у-ъ-ы-ъ-р ч-ы-э л-э-э-. ---------------------------- Ау хъулъфыгъэр чъыIэ лIэрэп. 0
S-e n-ehj-mrje--hj-mr---sur--t sjes-Iy. S__ n_________ z_______ s_____ s_______ S-e n-e-j-m-j- z-j-m-j- s-r-e- s-e-h-y- --------------------------------------- Sje njehjemrje zhjemrje surjet sjeshIy.
He is a snowman. А- ---л-. А_ о_____ А- о-ы-I- --------- Ар осылI. 0
Hu-f-g--r--jesho----i--jes-h-y. H________ k_____ y___ m________ H-l-y-j-r k-e-h- y-I- m-e-h-h-. ------------------------------- Hulfygjer kjesho ykIi mjeshhhy.

The language of our ancestors

Modern languages can be analyzed by linguists. Various methods are used to do so. But how did people speak thousands of years ago? It is much more difficult to answer this question. Despite this, scientists have been busy researching for years. They would like to explore how people spoke earlier. In order to do this, they attempt to reconstruct ancient speech forms. American scientists have now made an exciting discovery. They analyzed more than 2,000 languages. In particular they analyzed the sentence structure of the languages. The results of their study were very interesting. About half of the languages had the S-O-V sentence structure. That is to say, the sentences are ordered by subject, object and verb. More than 700 languages follow the pattern S-V-O. And about 160 languages operate according to the V-S-O system. Only about 40 languages use the V-O-S pattern. 120 languages display a hybrid. On the other hand, O-V-S and O-S-V are distinctly rarer systems. The majority of the analyzed languages use the S-O-V principle. Persian, Japanese and Turkish are some examples. Most living languages follow the S-V-O pattern, however. This sentence structure dominates the Indo-European language family today. Researchers believe that the S-O-V model was used earlier. All languages are based on this system. But then the languages diverged. We don't yet know how that happened. However, the variation of sentence structures must have had a reason. Because in evolution, only that which has an advantage prevails…