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13 [thirteen]

Activities

Activities

‫13 [تیرہ]‬

terah

‫مشاغل‬

mashaghil

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What does Martha do? ‫مارتھا ک-ا-ک--ی ہ--‬ ‫______ ک__ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ا-ت-ا ک-ا ک-ت- ہ-؟- --------------------- ‫مارتھا کیا کرتی ہے؟‬ 0
ma-haghil m________ m-s-a-h-l --------- mashaghil
She works at an office. ‫وہ --ت- م-- -ام کر---ہے-‬ ‫__ د___ م__ ک__ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ہ د-ت- م-ں ک-م ک-ت- ہ--- -------------------------- ‫وہ دفتر میں کام کرتی ہے-‬ 0
m-sha-hil m________ m-s-a-h-l --------- mashaghil
She works on the computer. ‫-ہ--م--وٹ---ہ--ام-ک-تی ہے-‬ ‫__ ک______ پ_ ک__ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ہ ک-پ-و-ر پ- ک-م ک-ت- ہ--- ---------------------------- ‫وہ کمپیوٹر پہ کام کرتی ہے-‬ 0
m--th--kya---rt- hai? m_____ k__ k____ h___ m-r-h- k-a k-r-i h-i- --------------------- martha kya karti hai?
Where is Martha? ‫م------کہ-ں-ہ-؟‬ ‫______ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ا-ت-ا ک-ا- ہ-؟- ----------------- ‫مارتھا کہاں ہے؟‬ 0
m-rtha-k-a-k--t- ha-? m_____ k__ k____ h___ m-r-h- k-a k-r-i h-i- --------------------- martha kya karti hai?
At the cinema. ‫-ن--ا م-ں-‬ ‫_____ م____ ‫-ن-م- م-ں-‬ ------------ ‫سنیما میں-‬ 0
ma-t-- k-a -art----i? m_____ k__ k____ h___ m-r-h- k-a k-r-i h-i- --------------------- martha kya karti hai?
She is watching a film. ‫-- --م-د--- -ہ- ہے-‬ ‫__ ف__ د___ ر__ ہ___ ‫-ہ ف-م د-ک- ر-ی ہ--- --------------------- ‫وہ فلم دیکھ رہی ہے-‬ 0
w-h-daftar mein kaa--k-rt- ha- - w__ d_____ m___ k___ k____ h__ - w-h d-f-a- m-i- k-a- k-r-i h-i - -------------------------------- woh daftar mein kaam karti hai -
What does Peter do? ‫-ی-- -یا ک----ہے-‬ ‫____ ک__ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ی-ر ک-ا ک-ت- ہ-؟- ------------------- ‫پیٹر کیا کرتا ہے؟‬ 0
woh daf-ar -e-n-kaam kar-- -ai - w__ d_____ m___ k___ k____ h__ - w-h d-f-a- m-i- k-a- k-r-i h-i - -------------------------------- woh daftar mein kaam karti hai -
He studies at the university. ‫-ہ ی-ن--ر-ٹی-میں--ڑ-----ے-‬ ‫__ ی________ م__ پ____ ہ___ ‫-ہ ی-ن-و-س-ی م-ں پ-ھ-ا ہ--- ---------------------------- ‫وہ یونیورسٹی میں پڑھتا ہے-‬ 0
w-h daf--r -ei--ka-m-ka-t---ai-- w__ d_____ m___ k___ k____ h__ - w-h d-f-a- m-i- k-a- k-r-i h-i - -------------------------------- woh daftar mein kaam karti hai -
He studies languages. ‫-- ----ی--س-کھ ر-ا--ے-‬ ‫__ ز_____ س___ ر__ ہ___ ‫-ہ ز-ا-ی- س-ک- ر-ا ہ--- ------------------------ ‫وہ زبانیں سیکھ رہا ہے-‬ 0
woh -o-put-r-p----a-m -arti h-- - w__ c_______ p__ k___ k____ h__ - w-h c-m-u-e- p-y k-a- k-r-i h-i - --------------------------------- woh computer pay kaam karti hai -
Where is Peter? ‫---ر--ہ-ں---؟‬ ‫____ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ی-ر ک-ا- ہ-؟- --------------- ‫پیٹر کہاں ہے؟‬ 0
wo--c-mputer p-y--a-m ----i --i-- w__ c_______ p__ k___ k____ h__ - w-h c-m-u-e- p-y k-a- k-r-i h-i - --------------------------------- woh computer pay kaam karti hai -
At the café. ‫-یف--می--‬ ‫____ م____ ‫-ی-ے م-ں-‬ ----------- ‫کیفے میں-‬ 0
wo--com-ut-r p-y--a-- k-rt- --- - w__ c_______ p__ k___ k____ h__ - w-h c-m-u-e- p-y k-a- k-r-i h-i - --------------------------------- woh computer pay kaam karti hai -
He is drinking coffee. ‫-ہ ------ی --- -ے-‬ ‫__ ک___ پ_ ر__ ہ___ ‫-ہ ک-ف- پ- ر-ا ہ--- -------------------- ‫وہ کافی پی رہا ہے-‬ 0
m-rt-a--aha- ---? m_____ k____ h___ m-r-h- k-h-n h-i- ----------------- martha kahan hai?
Where do they like to go? ‫-ہ --گ--ہ-ں جا-ا-پ--د--رت---یں-‬ ‫__ ل__ ک___ ج___ پ___ ک___ ہ____ ‫-ہ ل-گ ک-ا- ج-ن- پ-ن- ک-ت- ہ-ں-‬ --------------------------------- ‫وہ لوگ کہاں جانا پسند کرتے ہیں؟‬ 0
m-rt-a--ah-n -ai? m_____ k____ h___ m-r-h- k-h-n h-i- ----------------- martha kahan hai?
To a concert. ‫کن--- --ں-‬ ‫_____ م____ ‫-ن-ر- م-ں-‬ ------------ ‫کنسرٹ میں-‬ 0
m-r--- -a-a--hai? m_____ k____ h___ m-r-h- k-h-n h-i- ----------------- martha kahan hai?
They like to listen to music. ‫وہ---س----ش-ق--ے --ت- ہ---‬ ‫__ م_____ ش__ س_ س___ ہ____ ‫-ہ م-س-ق- ش-ق س- س-ت- ہ-ں-‬ ---------------------------- ‫وہ موسیقی شوق سے سنتے ہیں-‬ 0
cin-ma--in- c_____ m___ c-n-m- m-n- ----------- cinema min-
Where do they not like to go? ‫و- لوگ-ک-ا- ج--ا ---د----ں --تے --ں؟‬ ‫__ ل__ ک___ ج___ پ___ ن___ ک___ ہ____ ‫-ہ ل-گ ک-ا- ج-ن- پ-ن- ن-ی- ک-ت- ہ-ں-‬ -------------------------------------- ‫وہ لوگ کہاں جانا پسند نہیں کرتے ہیں؟‬ 0
cinema----- c_____ m___ c-n-m- m-n- ----------- cinema min-
To the disco. ‫-سکو ----‬ ‫____ م____ ‫-س-و م-ں-‬ ----------- ‫ڈسکو میں-‬ 0
c--ema m-n- c_____ m___ c-n-m- m-n- ----------- cinema min-
They do not like to dance. ‫---ی- -اچن- ------ --یں ---‬ ‫_____ ن____ ک_ ش__ ن___ ہ___ ‫-ن-ی- ن-چ-ے ک- ش-ق ن-ی- ہ--- ----------------------------- ‫انہیں ناچنے کا شوق نہیں ہے-‬ 0
wo--fi-m de---ra-- --i-- w__ f___ d___ r___ h__ - w-h f-l- d-k- r-h- h-i - ------------------------ woh film dekh rahi hai -

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Creole Languages

Did you know that German is spoken in the South Pacific? It's really true! In parts of Papua New Guinea and Australia, people speak Unserdeutsch . It is a Creole language. Creole languages emerge in language contact situations. That is, when multiple different languages encounter one another. By now, many Creole languages are almost extinct. But worldwide 15 million people still speak a Creole language. Creole languages are always native languages. It's different with Pidgin languages. Pidgin languages are very simplified forms of speech. They are only good for very basic communication. Most Creole languages originated in the colonial era. Therefore, Creole languages are often based on European languages. One characteristic of Creole languages is a limited vocabulary. Creole languages have their own phonology too. The grammar of Creole languages is heavily simplified. Complicated rules are simply ignored by the speakers. Each Creole language is an important component of national identity. As a result, there is a lot of literature written in Creole languages. Creole languages are especially interesting for linguists. This is because they demonstrate how languages develop and later die out. So the development of language can be studied in Creole languages. They also prove that languages can change and adapt. The discipline used to research Creole languages is Creolistics, or Creology. One of the best-known sentences in the Creole language comes from Jamaica. Bob Marley made it world famous – do you know it? It's No woman, no cry! (= No, woman, don't cry!)
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Finnish is the native language of approximately 5 million people. It is counted among the Finno-Ugrian languages. It is closely related to Estonian, and very distantly related to Hungarian. As a Uralic language, it strongly differentiates itself from the Indo-Germanic languages. An example of this is its agglutinating language structure. That means that grammatical functions are expressed through suffixed syllables. This is how long words originate that are so typical for Finnish. Another hallmark of Finnish is its many vowels. Finnish grammar distinguishes between 15 different cases. It is important to clearly separate long and short sounds in the intonation. Written and spoken Finnish are noticeably different from each other. This phenomenon is less pronounced in other European languages. All of this makes Finnish not especially easy. But all rules are consistently upheld. And the nice thing about Finnish is that it is so completely logical!