Phrasebook

en At the restaurant 1   »   fa ‫دررستوران 1‬

29 [twenty-nine]

At the restaurant 1

At the restaurant 1

‫29 [بیست و نه]‬

29 [bist-o-noh]

‫دررستوران 1‬

‫darrostooraan 1‬‬‬

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Is this table taken? ‫آ-ا --- -ی- --لی -س-؟‬ ‫___ ا__ م__ خ___ ا____ ‫-ی- ا-ن م-ز خ-ل- ا-ت-‬ ----------------------- ‫آیا این میز خالی است؟‬ 0
‫-a---i--m-z------i-a----‬‬ ‫____ i_ m__ k_____ a______ ‫-a-a i- m-z k-a-l- a-t-‬-‬ --------------------------- ‫aaya in miz khaali ast?‬‬‬
I would like the menu, please. ‫لطف-ً---ست غذا را به--- ---ید-‬ ‫____ ل___ غ__ ر_ ب_ م_ ب______ ‫-ط-ا- ل-س- غ-ا ر- ب- م- ب-ه-د-‬ -------------------------------- ‫لطفاً لیست غذا را به من بدهید.‬ 0
‫lo--a----ist-gh-z-- r---e -----ed--id.--‬ ‫______ l___ g_____ r_ b_ m__ b__________ ‫-o-f-a- l-s- g-a-a- r- b- m-n b-d-h-d-‬-‬ ------------------------------------------ ‫lotfaaً list ghazaa ra be man bedahid.‬‬‬
What would you recommend? ‫تو--- -ما--ی---‬ ‫_____ ش__ چ_____ ‫-و-ی- ش-ا چ-س-؟- ----------------- ‫توصیه شما چیست؟‬ 0
‫to-si-h--hom-- chi---‬-‬ ‫_______ s_____ c________ ‫-o-s-e- s-o-a- c-i-t-‬-‬ ------------------------- ‫toosieh shomaa chist?‬‬‬
I’d like a beer. ‫-ک --جو م--خو--م.‬ ‫__ آ___ م_ خ______ ‫-ک آ-ج- م- خ-ا-م-‬ ------------------- ‫یک آبجو مى خواهم.‬ 0
‫yek-aabjo -mى--ha-ha-.--‬ ‫___ a____ a__ k__________ ‫-e- a-b-o a-ى k-a-h-m-‬-‬ -------------------------- ‫yek aabjo amى khaaham.‬‬‬
I’d like a mineral water. ‫---آب --دن- -ى--و----‬ ‫__ آ_ م____ م_ خ______ ‫-ک آ- م-د-ی م- خ-ا-م-‬ ----------------------- ‫یک آب معدنی مى خواهم.‬ 0
‫--- --- m-dani---ى k----a---‬‬ ‫___ a__ m_____ a__ k__________ ‫-e- a-b m-d-n- a-ى k-a-h-m-‬-‬ ------------------------------- ‫yek aab madani amى khaaham.‬‬‬
I’d like an orange juice. ‫-ک-------ق-ل--ى خوا-م-‬ ‫__ آ_ پ_____ م_ خ______ ‫-ک آ- پ-ت-ا- م- خ-ا-م-‬ ------------------------ ‫یک آب پرتقال مى خواهم.‬ 0
‫--k -ab --rt-g--al-am----a--am-‬-‬ ‫___ a__ p_________ a__ k__________ ‫-e- a-b p-r-e-h-a- a-ى k-a-h-m-‬-‬ ----------------------------------- ‫yek aab porteghaal amى khaaham.‬‬‬
I’d like a coffee. ‫-----وه-م- -و--م-‬ ‫__ ق___ م_ خ______ ‫-ک ق-و- م- خ-ا-م-‬ ------------------- ‫یک قهوه مى خواهم.‬ 0
‫-ek g--h--- -m--kh---a-.‬‬‬ ‫___ g______ a__ k__________ ‫-e- g-a-v-h a-ى k-a-h-m-‬-‬ ---------------------------- ‫yek ghahveh amى khaaham.‬‬‬
I’d like a coffee with milk. ‫ی---هو--با ش-ر ----و-ه--‬ ‫__ ق___ ب_ ش__ م_ خ______ ‫-ک ق-و- ب- ش-ر م- خ-ا-م-‬ -------------------------- ‫یک قهوه با شیر مى خواهم.‬ 0
‫yek --ah----ba s--r am- ----ham--‬‬ ‫___ g______ b_ s___ a__ k__________ ‫-e- g-a-v-h b- s-i- a-ى k-a-h-m-‬-‬ ------------------------------------ ‫yek ghahveh ba shir amى khaaham.‬‬‬
With sugar, please. ‫-- ش-ر--ل--آ ‫__ ش___ ل___ ‫-ا ش-ر- ل-ف- ------------- ‫با شکر، لطفآ 0
‫b- ---k---lot--a ‫__ s_____ l_____ ‫-a s-e-r- l-t-a- ----------------- ‫ba shekr, lotfaa
I’d like a tea. ‫من-چای --‌خ-اه--‬ ‫__ چ__ م________ ‫-ن چ-ی م-‌-و-ه-.- ------------------ ‫من چای می‌خواهم.‬ 0
‫-an c--aye ---khaaha-.‬‬‬ ‫___ c_____ m_____________ ‫-a- c-a-y- m---h-a-a-.-‬- -------------------------- ‫man chaaye mi-khaaham.‬‬‬
I’d like a tea with lemon. ‫م---ا- -- -ی-و می‌--ا--.‬ ‫__ چ__ ب_ ل___ م________ ‫-ن چ-ی ب- ل-م- م-‌-و-ه-.- -------------------------- ‫من چای با لیمو می‌خواهم.‬ 0
‫m-- -ha-ye-b---------i---aah--.-‬‬ ‫___ c_____ b_ l____ m_____________ ‫-a- c-a-y- b- l-m-o m---h-a-a-.-‬- ----------------------------------- ‫man chaaye ba limoo mi-khaaham.‬‬‬
I’d like a tea with milk. ‫م--چا- ب--ش-- م-‌خو-هم.‬ ‫__ چ__ ب_ ش__ م________ ‫-ن چ-ی ب- ش-ر م-‌-و-ه-.- ------------------------- ‫من چای با شیر می‌خواهم.‬ 0
‫-a- --aay--b- sh----i-k-aaham.‬-‬ ‫___ c_____ b_ s___ m_____________ ‫-a- c-a-y- b- s-i- m---h-a-a-.-‬- ---------------------------------- ‫man chaaye ba shir mi-khaaham.‬‬‬
Do you have cigarettes? ‫-یگ-ر داری--‬ ‫_____ د______ ‫-ی-ا- د-ر-د-‬ -------------- ‫سیگار دارید؟‬ 0
‫-i-a-- ---r-d--‬‬ ‫______ d_________ ‫-i-a-r d-a-i-?-‬- ------------------ ‫sigaar daarid?‬‬‬
Do you have an ashtray? ‫---س--ا-- د-ر-د؟‬ ‫_________ د______ ‫-ی-س-گ-ر- د-ر-د-‬ ------------------ ‫زیرسیگاری دارید؟‬ 0
‫zi-s----r--daa-i-?‬‬‬ ‫__________ d_________ ‫-i-s-g-a-i d-a-i-?-‬- ---------------------- ‫zirsigaari daarid?‬‬‬
Do you have a light? ‫ک-ریت---د- ----د-‬ ‫__________ د______ ‫-ب-ی-/-ن-ک د-ر-د-‬ ------------------- ‫کبریت/فندک دارید؟‬ 0
‫-eb------nd---d-a---?‬‬‬ ‫_____________ d_________ ‫-e-r-t-f-n-a- d-a-i-?-‬- ------------------------- ‫kebrit/fandak daarid?‬‬‬
I’m missing a fork. ‫م-----ال ند---.‬ ‫__ چ____ ن______ ‫-ن چ-گ-ل ن-ا-م-‬ ----------------- ‫من چنگال ندارم.‬ 0
‫m-n--hanga-l -a--ara----‬ ‫___ c_______ n___________ ‫-a- c-a-g-a- n-d-a-a-.-‬- -------------------------- ‫man changaal nadaaram.‬‬‬
I’m missing a knife. ‫-ن----د --ارم.‬ ‫__ ک___ ن______ ‫-ن ک-ر- ن-ا-م-‬ ---------------- ‫من کارد ندارم.‬ 0
‫m-n-ka----nad-a-am.‬‬‬ ‫___ k____ n___________ ‫-a- k-a-d n-d-a-a-.-‬- ----------------------- ‫man kaard nadaaram.‬‬‬
I’m missing a spoon. ‫-ن --ش- ---ر--‬ ‫__ ق___ ن______ ‫-ن ق-ش- ن-ا-م-‬ ---------------- ‫من قاشق ندارم.‬ 0
‫man ghaa--ogh n-d-a-am---‬ ‫___ g________ n___________ ‫-a- g-a-s-o-h n-d-a-a-.-‬- --------------------------- ‫man ghaashogh nadaaram.‬‬‬

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Grammar prevents lies!

Every language has particular features. But some also have characteristics that are unique worldwide. Among these languages is Trio. Trio is a Native American language in South America. Around 2,000 people in Brazil and Suriname speak it. What makes Trio special is its grammar. Because it forces its speakers to always tell the truth. The so-called frustrative ending is responsible for this. This ending is added to verbs in Trio. It indicates how true a sentence is. A simple example explains how exactly it works. Let's take the sentence The child went to school. In Trio, the speaker has to add a certain ending onto the verb. Through the ending he is able to communicate whether he saw the child himself. But he can also express that he only knows it from speaking to others. Or he says through the ending that he knows it's a lie. So the speaker has to commit to what he is saying. Meaning, he must communicate how true a statement is. In this way he cannot keep anything a secret or sugarcoat anything. If a Trio speaker leaves the ending off, he is deemed a liar. In Suriname the official language is Dutch. Translations from Dutch into Trio are often problematic. Because most languages are much less precise. They make it possible for the speakers to be vague. Therefore, interpreters don't always commit to what they are saying. The communication with Trio speakers is thereby difficult. Perhaps the frustrative ending would be helpful in other languages too!? Not only in the language of politics…
Did you know?
Macedonian is the native language of around 2 million people. It is counted among the South Slavic languages. It is most closely related to Bulgarian. Speakers of both languages can communicate with each other easily. The two languages differ from each other more in their written forms. There have always been many different ethnic groups in Macedonia. Naturally, this is also apparent in the vernacular. It has been influenced by numerous other languages. The neighbouring country of Serbia has especially influenced the Macedonian language. The vocabulary contains many terms from Russian, Turkish, and English. Such linguistic variety does not exist in many countries. That is why it has been difficult for Macedonian to establish itself as its own language. Macedonian literature has especially suffered from this situation. Macedonian is now considered an established standard language. For this reason, it is an important part of the Macedonian identity.