Phrasebook

en At the restaurant 4   »   ru В ресторане 4

32 [thirty-two]

At the restaurant 4

At the restaurant 4

32 [тридцать два]

32 [tridtsatʹ dva]

В ресторане 4

V restorane 4

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I’d like chips / French fries (am.) with ketchup. О-ну -----ю-к-р-о-еля -р- с к-тчупо-. О___ п_____ к________ ф__ с к________ О-н- п-р-и- к-р-о-е-я ф-и с к-т-у-о-. ------------------------------------- Одну порцию картофеля фри с кетчупом. 0
V-res---a-e 4 V r________ 4 V r-s-o-a-e 4 ------------- V restorane 4
And two with mayonnaise. И -в- п---ии ---айо-езом. И д__ п_____ с м_________ И д-е п-р-и- с м-й-н-з-м- ------------------------- И две порции с майонезом. 0
V-r---or-ne-4 V r________ 4 V r-s-o-a-e 4 ------------- V restorane 4
And three sausages with mustard. И-три порци- ж--ен-х со-ис-- с-г-рчице-. И т__ п_____ ж______ с______ с г________ И т-и п-р-и- ж-р-н-х с-с-с-к с г-р-и-е-. ---------------------------------------- И три порции жареных сосисок с горчицей. 0
Od-------s-yu-ka-------a---- - ke-ch-p-m. O___ p_______ k_________ f__ s k_________ O-n- p-r-s-y- k-r-o-e-y- f-i s k-t-h-p-m- ----------------------------------------- Odnu portsiyu kartofelya fri s ketchupom.
What vegetables do you have? К-кие-о--щи-- В-с ес--? К____ о____ у В__ е____ К-к-е о-о-и у В-с е-т-? ----------------------- Какие овощи у Вас есть? 0
Odnu-p-rtsiy---artof---a-fr--s ket--up-m. O___ p_______ k_________ f__ s k_________ O-n- p-r-s-y- k-r-o-e-y- f-i s k-t-h-p-m- ----------------------------------------- Odnu portsiyu kartofelya fri s ketchupom.
Do you have beans? У-В----сть -а-оль? У В__ е___ ф______ У В-с е-т- ф-с-л-? ------------------ У Вас есть фасоль? 0
Od-u-p--t--yu ----ofely----i s -e-c-u--m. O___ p_______ k_________ f__ s k_________ O-n- p-r-s-y- k-r-o-e-y- f-i s k-t-h-p-m- ----------------------------------------- Odnu portsiyu kartofelya fri s ketchupom.
Do you have cauliflower? У -а--е-т--цв-тн---------а? У В__ е___ ц______ к_______ У В-с е-т- ц-е-н-я к-п-с-а- --------------------------- У Вас есть цветная капуста? 0
I-dve --rts-i-s --yon-z--. I d__ p______ s m_________ I d-e p-r-s-i s m-y-n-z-m- -------------------------- I dve portsii s mayonezom.
I like to eat (sweet) corn. Я---блю--укурузу. Я л____ к________ Я л-б-ю к-к-р-з-. ----------------- Я люблю кукурузу. 0
I-dv--po---ii s--a-one-o-. I d__ p______ s m_________ I d-e p-r-s-i s m-y-n-z-m- -------------------------- I dve portsii s mayonezom.
I like to eat cucumber. Я л-бл---гу---. Я л____ о______ Я л-б-ю о-у-ц-. --------------- Я люблю огурцы. 0
I -v--po-t--i-s-may-n--o-. I d__ p______ s m_________ I d-e p-r-s-i s m-y-n-z-m- -------------------------- I dve portsii s mayonezom.
I like to eat tomatoes. Я --блю------ор-. Я л____ п________ Я л-б-ю п-м-д-р-. ----------------- Я люблю помидоры. 0
I tri port--i--ha--ny------isok-s--orchi--e-. I t__ p______ z________ s______ s g__________ I t-i p-r-s-i z-a-e-y-h s-s-s-k s g-r-h-t-e-. --------------------------------------------- I tri portsii zharenykh sosisok s gorchitsey.
Do you also like to eat leek? В----ж- -юби-- зе-ён----ук? В_ т___ л_____ з______ л___ В- т-ж- л-б-т- з-л-н-й л-к- --------------------------- Вы тоже любите зелёный лук? 0
I -ri p-rt-ii zh---n--h--o-isok-- ------t-ey. I t__ p______ z________ s______ s g__________ I t-i p-r-s-i z-a-e-y-h s-s-s-k s g-r-h-t-e-. --------------------------------------------- I tri portsii zharenykh sosisok s gorchitsey.
Do you also like to eat sauerkraut? В- то-е-л-б--- к--ше-------уст-? В_ т___ л_____ к_______ к_______ В- т-ж- л-б-т- к-а-е-у- к-п-с-у- -------------------------------- Вы тоже любите квашеную капусту? 0
I-t-i -o--s-- --ar-n--h so-i--k - -o--hi-sey. I t__ p______ z________ s______ s g__________ I t-i p-r-s-i z-a-e-y-h s-s-s-k s g-r-h-t-e-. --------------------------------------------- I tri portsii zharenykh sosisok s gorchitsey.
Do you also like to eat lentils? В----же -------ч---в--у? В_ т___ л_____ ч________ В- т-ж- л-б-т- ч-ч-в-ц-? ------------------------ Вы тоже любите чечевицу? 0
Kak----ovo-hc-i --Vas y--tʹ? K_____ o_______ u V__ y_____ K-k-y- o-o-h-h- u V-s y-s-ʹ- ---------------------------- Kakiye ovoshchi u Vas yestʹ?
Do you also like to eat carrots? Ты т-же--ю--шь м--к-в-? Т_ т___ л_____ м_______ Т- т-ж- л-б-ш- м-р-о-ь- ----------------------- Ты тоже любишь морковь? 0
Ka--y- ----h-hi-u -as-yest-? K_____ o_______ u V__ y_____ K-k-y- o-o-h-h- u V-s y-s-ʹ- ---------------------------- Kakiye ovoshchi u Vas yestʹ?
Do you also like to eat broccoli? Ты--о---л--и---бр--к--и? Т_ т___ л_____ б________ Т- т-ж- л-б-ш- б-о-к-л-? ------------------------ Ты тоже любишь брокколи? 0
Kakiye---o---hi ----- -e-t-? K_____ o_______ u V__ y_____ K-k-y- o-o-h-h- u V-s y-s-ʹ- ---------------------------- Kakiye ovoshchi u Vas yestʹ?
Do you also like to eat peppers? Ты---же-лю-иш- с-а-кий пе--ц? Т_ т___ л_____ с______ п_____ Т- т-ж- л-б-ш- с-а-к-й п-р-ц- ----------------------------- Ты тоже любишь сладкий перец? 0
U -a- ----ʹ-f-solʹ? U V__ y____ f______ U V-s y-s-ʹ f-s-l-? ------------------- U Vas yestʹ fasolʹ?
I don’t like onions. Я не -юбл- лу-. Я н_ л____ л___ Я н- л-б-ю л-к- --------------- Я не люблю лук. 0
U-V-- ye--- --so--? U V__ y____ f______ U V-s y-s-ʹ f-s-l-? ------------------- U Vas yestʹ fasolʹ?
I don’t like olives. Я не -юб-- ---в-и. Я н_ л____ о______ Я н- л-б-ю о-и-к-. ------------------ Я не люблю оливки. 0
U V-s--e--ʹ-f--olʹ? U V__ y____ f______ U V-s y-s-ʹ f-s-l-? ------------------- U Vas yestʹ fasolʹ?
I don’t like mushrooms. Я-н- любл- ---бы. Я н_ л____ г_____ Я н- л-б-ю г-и-ы- ----------------- Я не люблю грибы. 0
U-V---ye-t- t---t-a-----p----? U V__ y____ t________ k_______ U V-s y-s-ʹ t-v-t-a-a k-p-s-a- ------------------------------ U Vas yestʹ tsvetnaya kapusta?

Tonal Languages

Most of all the languages spoken worldwide are tonal languages. With tonal languages, the pitch of the tones is crucial. They determine what meaning words or syllables have. Thus, the tone belongs firmly to the word. Most of the languages spoken in Asia are tonal languages. For example, Chinese, Thai and Vietnamese. There are also various tonal languages in Africa. Many indigenous languages in America are tonal languages as well. Indo-European languages mostly contain only tonal elements. This applies to Swedish or Serbian, for example. The number of tone pitches is varied in individual languages. Four different tones are distinguishable in Chinese. With this, the syllable ma can have four meanings. They are mother, hemp, horse and to rant . Interestingly, tonal languages also impact our hearing. Studies on absolute hearing have shown this. Absolute hearing is the ability to identify heard tones accurately. Absolute hearing occurs very rarely in Europe and North America. Fewer than 1 in 10,000 people have it. It's different with native speakers of Chinese. Here, 9 times as many people have this special ability. We all had absolute hearing when we were infants. We used it to learn to speak correctly. Unfortunately, most people lose it later on. The pitch of tones is also important in music. This is especially true for cultures that speak a tonal language. They must adhere to the melody very precisely. Otherwise a beautiful love song comes out as an absurd song!
Did you know?
Punjabi is counted among the Indo-Iranian languages. It is spoken natively by 130 million people. The majority of those people live in Pakistan. However, it is also spoken in the Indian state of Punjab. Punjabi is hardly ever used as a written language in Pakistan. It is different in India because there the language holds an official status. Punjabi is written in its own script. It also has a very long literary tradition. Texts have been found that are almost 1000 years old. Punjabi is also very interesting from a phonological point of view. This is because it is a tonal language. In tonal languages, the pitch of the accented syllable changes their meaning. In Punjabi, the accented syllable can take on three different pitches. That is very unusual for Indo-European languages. That makes Punjabi that much more appealing!